Written by Mohd Bilal and Harsh Shukla

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Reviewed by Harsh Shukla

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Published on August 23, 2025

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Updated on September 19, 2025

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In 1st Semester • B.Pharmacy

Human Anatomy and Physiology 1 Notes for B.Pharm 1st Semester (PDF Download) – These pharmacy notes are designed specifically for B.Pharm students and cover all five units according to the PCI syllabus. Perfect for exam preparation, quick revision, and practicals, these B.Pharm notes PDF help you understand the fundamental concepts of the human body and its functions in a clear and simple way.

Download now to boost your Academic learning | B Pharmacy 1st year HAP Notes PDF

B Pharmacy 1st year HAP Notes PDF | Human Anatomy & Physiology | 1st Semester

Here’s a well-structured version of your syllabus content for BP101T. Human Anatomy and Physiology-I (Theory):

B Pharmacy 1st year HAP Notes PDF | BP101T Human Anatomy and Physiology 1 (Theory)

Total Hours: 45

Scope

This subject is designed to provide fundamental knowledge of the structure and functions of the human body. It helps students understand homeostatic mechanisms and serves as the foundation for learning various disciplines in pharmacy.

B Pharmacy 1st year HAP Notes PDF 1st Semester | Objectives

By the end of the course, students should be able to:

Explain the gross morphology, structure, and functions of various organs of the human body.
Describe homeostatic mechanisms and their imbalances.
Identify tissues and organs of different systems of the human body.
Perform experiments related to special senses and the nervous system.
Appreciate the coordinated working pattern of different organs in each system.

Course – Content BP101T 1st Year 1st Semester | Human Anatomy and Physiology 1 – Theory

B Pharmacy 1st year HAP Notes PDF | Unit I – Introduction to Human Body & Cellular Level of Organization (10 Hours)

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Introduction to Human Body:

Definition and scope of anatomy and physiology
Levels of structural organization and body systems
Basic life processes and homeostasis
Basic anatomical terminology

Cellular Level of Organization:

Structure and functions of a cell
Transport across the cell membrane
Cell division and cell junctions
Principles of cell communication
Intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecules
Forms of intracellular signaling:
- Contact-dependent
- Paracrine
- Synaptic
- Endocrine

Tissue Level of Organization:

Classification of tissues
Structure, location, and functions of:

- - Epithelial tissue
  - Connective tissue
  - Muscular tissue
  - Nervous tissue

B Pharmacy 1st year HAP Notes PDF | Unit II – Integumentary, Skeletal, and Muscular Systems (10 Hours)

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Integumentary System:

Structure and functions of the skin

Skeletal System:

Divisions of the skeletal system
Types of bones
Salient features and functions of bones of axial and appendicular skeleton

Muscular System:

Organization of skeletal muscle
Physiology of muscle contraction
Neuromuscular junction

Joints:

Structural and functional classification
Types of joint movements and articulation

B Pharmacy 1st year HAP Notes PDF | Unit III – Body Fluids, Blood, and Lymphatic System (10 Hours)

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Body Fluids and Blood:

Composition and functions of blood
Hemopoiesis and hemoglobin formation
Anemia and blood disorders
Mechanisms of blood coagulation
Blood grouping and Rh factor
Blood transfusion: significance and disorders
Reticuloendothelial system

Lymphatic System:

Lymphatic organs and tissues
Lymphatic vessels and lymph circulation
Functions of the lymphatic system

B Pharmacy 1st year HAP Notes PDF | Unit IV – Peripheral Nervous System and Special Senses (8 Hours)

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Peripheral Nervous System:

Classification of PNS
Structure and functions of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
Origin and functions of spinal and cranial nerves

Special Senses: – Structure and functions of:

Eye
Ear
Nose
Tongue
Common disorders of special senses

B Pharmacy 1st year HAP Notes PDF | Unit V – Cardiovascular System (7 Hours)

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Anatomy of the heart
Blood circulation
Structure and functions of blood vessels: artery, vein, and capillaries
Elements of the conduction system of the heart and heartbeat
Regulation by the autonomic nervous system
Cardiac output and cardiac cycle
Blood pressure regulation and pulse
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Disorders of the heart

Unravelling You: The Incredible Organisation of the Human Body

Have you ever paused to consider the immense complexity that makes up you? From the tiniest components to vast systems working in synchronicity, your body is a masterpiece of biological organisation. Let’s explore its fascinating levels!

The Mighty Cell: Your Body’s Essential Unit

At the most fundamental level, all living organisms are composed of cells. A single cell is the smallest unit that exhibits all the characteristics of life, serving as the structural and functional unit of the living body. Each cell is a busy metropolis, needing nutrition and oxygen, producing its own energy for growth and repair, eliminating waste products like carbon dioxide, and responding to stimuli such as bacteria.

Within these remarkable cells, various organelles carry out specialised tasks. The nucleus, for instance, controls all cellular activities and safeguards hereditary information. Mitochondria are the powerhouses, generating energy (ATP), while ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing, packaging, labelling, and delivering proteins and lipids, and lysosomes degrade macromolecules and worn-out organelles. Other organelles like the rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesize proteins, and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes lipids and steroids.

Cells are not isolated; they interact through cell junctions, which are connections between neighbouring cells or between cells and the extracellular matrix. These can be occluding junctions (like tight junctions) that prevent substance exchange, communicating junctions (like gap junctions) that allow ion and molecule movement, or anchoring junctions that provide mechanical strength and structural attachment for tissues. Cells also communicate through cell signalling, which can be long-range (endocrine), short-range (paracrine), direct (contact-dependent), or synaptic.

Moreover, cells constantly exchange substances with their environment via transport across the cell membrane. This occurs through mechanisms like passive transport, which doesn’t require energy and moves substances down their concentration or electrical gradient (e.g., simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis), and active transport, which requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their gradient.

Cells also undergo cell division, a coordinated sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome and divides into two daughter cells. This process is crucial for growth, repair, and reproduction. Mitosis is a somatic cell division that produces genetically identical diploid daughter cells, replacing old cells and increasing cell numbers. Meiosis, on the other hand, is a specialised division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing haploid daughter cells essential for sexual reproduction.

Tissues: Cells in Concert

When groups of similar cells work together to perform a specific function, they form a tissue. The human body features four primary types of tissue:

• Epithelial tissue: This tissue forms coverings for body surfaces, lines hollow organs and cavities, and constitutes glands. Its key functions include creating selective barriers, secretion, and protection.

• Muscular tissue: Composed of elongated muscle fibres, it generates the physical force necessary for movement, maintains posture, and produces heat. It can be skeletal, smooth, or cardiac.

• Nervous tissue: Consisting of neurons and neuroglia, nervous tissue detects changes, converts stimuli into electrical impulses (action potentials), and transmits these signals.

• Connective tissue: This is one of the most abundant and diverse tissues, binding, supporting, and strengthening other tissues, protecting organs, serving as a transport system, storing energy, and mediating immune responses. Examples range from bone and blood to cartilage and adipose tissue.

Organs and Systems: The Grand Orchestration

These various tissues then assemble into organs, such as the stomach, heart, or brain, each with specific functions and recognisable shapes. Different organs collaborate to form organ systems, which are groups of organs working together to carry out major physiological functions. Your body comprises eleven such organ systems, including the digestive, respiratory, nervous, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems, among others. Collectively, these systems form a complete living organism, capable of independently performing all vital functions necessary for life.

The body maintains its stability through homeostasis, a dynamic condition where the internal environment is kept constant despite external fluctuations. This regulation often involves intricate feedback systems, both negative (which reverses a change, like temperature regulation) and positive (which intensifies a change, like blood clotting).

Understanding these layered levels of organisation reveals the extraordinary efficiency and interconnectedness that allows the human body to perform its daily miracles!

B Pharmacy 1st year HAP Notes PDF | Free B Pharmacy Notes PDF & Online Study Material

Websites Worth Bookmarking

- PharmaTutor.org – My personal favourite for free PDFs, MCQs, and model question papers. Updated often.
- PharmaWiki.in – Great for semester-wise notes and simplified explanations of core topics.
- PharmaVision4u.com – A hidden gem with lecture notes and practical manuals.
- Academia.edu – Many professors upload their lecture slides and question banks here. You’ll need to sign up, but it’s worth it.

SlideShare.net – PPTs from teachers and students, often with visuals you can directly use in your own notes.
WishallBook.com – Many educators share their lecture slides, notes, and question banks on WishallBook. You’ll need to Download WishallBook App and an account to access them, but it’s definitely worth it for students.”

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